Limited air for combustion primarily results in:

In a scenario where there is limited air for combustion, the primary effect is the production of incomplete combustion products, which increases the visible products of combustion. When combustion occurs with insufficient oxygen, it leads to the formation of carbon monoxide, soot, and other particulate matter, resulting in a much smokier and darker flame. These visible products are the result of unburned fuel and incomplete reactions, making them more pronounced in fires where air supply is restricted. Consequently, the presence of these byproducts is a clear indicator of inefficient combustion, reinforcing the connection between limited air supply and the increase in visible products.

In contrast, a brighter flame typically signifies more complete combustion, which occurs when there is sufficient oxygen. Limited air would not lead to a brighter flame; rather, it would result in a flame that is less luminous and potentially flickering due to the instability of the combustion process. Less smoke production would counterintuitively suggest more efficient burning, which again does not align with the premise of limited air. Higher temperatures are generally associated with optimal combustion conditions; however, in cases of limited air supply, temperatures can actually drop due to the inefficient combustion processes taking place. Thus, the increase in visible products of combustion is a key indicator of the consequences of