Loss, destruction, or material alteration of an object or document that is evidence or potential evidence in a legal proceeding is known as _______.

Spoliation refers specifically to the loss, destruction, or alteration of evidence that may be relevant to a legal proceeding. This term is crucial in the context of fire investigation and other legal matters because it addresses the preservation of evidence. When evidence is compromised—whether through intentional alteration or unintentional destruction—it can severely impact the integrity of a legal case. Spoliation can also lead to court sanctions against a party who fails to preserve evidence, as it undermines the truth-seeking function of the judicial system.

In this context, acknowledging the concept of spoliation is essential for fire investigators, as they must ensure that all potential evidence is properly secured and maintained throughout their investigation to support legal proceedings. This understanding helps in fortifying the validity of the investigation's findings and ensuring justice is served.