What is empirical data based on?

Empirical data is fundamentally grounded in factual data that is obtained through direct measurement and observation. This type of data is essential in scientific research and fire investigation as it relies on observable and verifiable evidence rather than assumptions or untested theories. This approach ensures that conclusions drawn are based on real experiences and documented evidence, allowing for a more accurate understanding of phenomena, such as the behavior of fire, rather than relying solely on theories or opinions.

In contrast, theoretical models and assumptions represent constructs that might not have immediate supportive evidence; they rely on prior knowledge and predictions rather than direct observation. Public opinion and surveys, while valuable for understanding societal views, do not provide the concrete evidence needed for scientific inquiry. Finally, expert predictions and interpretations, though informed by experience and knowledge, are still subjective and must be validated through empirical data to be deemed reliable.